What else? German and French Jews who were persecuted by the Nazis often owned artworks from several different artists. If one focuses on claims for one artist, can one then expand the search to see what other artworks were stolen?
Databases consulted: Lostart.de and ErrProject
PART ONE
Lostart: Collectors whose heirs are searching for PISSARRO artworks lost or seized during the Nazi era:
Aaron, Clémence Georgette
Blumstein (Familie)*
Bondi, Felix
Braunthal, Max
Dreyfus, Edgar*
Flavian (Friedmann), Catherine und Salomon
Friedmann, David (Breslau)
Glaser, Prof. Dr. Curt
Goldschmidt, Hedwig und Jacob*
Hatvany, Baron Ferenc
Heine, Max & Margarete
Herz, Dr. Emanuel Emil
Hinrichsen, Dr. Henri
Kainer, Margret und Ludwig
Katzenellenbogen, Ludwig und Estella
Lindauer, Jules
Mendel Kaplan
Nathan, Martha
Ploschitzki, Johanna (geb. Zender)
Posen, Anna und Sidney
Sachs, Carl (Sammlung)
Schusterman, Grégoire
Semmel, Richard
Silberberg, Max (Sammlung)
Simon, Hugo
Sommerguth, Gertrud und Alfred
Steinthal, Fanny und Max (Sammlung)
Stern-Lippmann, Margaretha und Siegbert Stern
Strauss, Ottmar
Westfeld, Walter
ERRProject: French Jews whose artworks by Pissarro were looted by the ERR Nazi looting organization
Bruno Stahl
Claude Raphael, Paris, France
Frau Jules Rouff, Paris, France
Galerie Marcel Bernheim et Cie., Paris, France
Georges Levy, Paris, France
Georges Schick, Nice, France
Hedwige/Hedwig Zach/Zak, Nice/Paris, France
Hugo Simon, Paris, France
Jules et Madeleine Lindauer, Paris, France
Max Heilbronn, Paris, France
Mr. Kantorowitz, Paris, France
Oskar and Marianne Goldschmidt, Neuilly, France
Paul Etlin, Saint-Marcel par Aubagne, Bouches du Rhone, France
Paul Rosenberg, Bordeaux, France
Pierre Wertheimer, Paris, France
Raoul Meyer, Paris, France
Roger Levy , Neuilly s/Seine, France
Salomon Flavian, Paris, France
Simon Bauer, Paris, France
Remarks: There are 48 German and French art collectors who owed Pissarros in these Nazi-looted art databases. Hugo Simon and Jules Lindauer appear in both LostArt and ERRPROJECT but otherwise there is little overlap. To have a more complete view of Pissarros looted from (or acquired under duress from) Jewish collectors, one would need to consult databases in The Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Poland, and elsewhere. In short, this is a glimpse or a sampling, not a complete overview.
The appearance of any of the above names in a provenance for any artwork is an obvious red flag.
Are there any patterns we might be able to detect using the Wikidata general knowledge graph?
To find out, we will group the Wikidata identifiers (where they exist) in a variable called ?LostPissarro using VALUES
Wikidata Query
#title:Pissarro owners in Lostart.de
SELECT ?myQids ?myQidsLabel ?myQidsDescription
WHERE {
VALUES ?myQids { wd:Q126835436 wd:Q94292296 wd:Q124216935 wd:Q125884667 wd:Q97133770 wd:Q112450 wd:Q324935 wd:Q55842863 wd:Q98887 wd:Q1334632 wd:Q123758642 wd:Q19295051 wd:Q1361426 wd:Q110491536}
?myQids rdfs:label ?myQidsLabel.
#?ownedby wdt:P127 ?myQids.
# ?ownedby wdt:P18 ?image.
SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],mul,en". }
FILTER (LANG(?myQidsLabel) = "en")
}
WD:
* not found
Q126835436,Q94292296,Q124216935,Q125884667,Q97133770,Q112450,Q324935,Q55842863,Q1334632,Q98887,Q123758642,Q19295051,Q1361426,Q110491536,Q131534758,Q131424365,Q104532626,Q22670686,Q131534959,Q94867126,Q125811605,Q125811605,Q20191393,Q1913457,Q1635718,Q94788180,Q108549525,Q126092724,Q100323618,Q2037856,Q2546745
|
myQids |
myQidsLabel |
myQidsDescription |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q55842863 |
Max Hermann Heine |
German Jewish art collector (1877-1933) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q94292296 |
Felix Bondi |
German lawyer and art collector (1860-1934) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q97133770 |
David Friedmann |
German Jewish businessman and art collector -(1857-1942) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q110491536 |
Estella Katzenellenbogen |
German Jewish art collector persecuted by the Nazis (1886-1991) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q123758642 |
Margret Kainer |
German Jewish art collector (1894-1968) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q124216935 |
Max Braunthal |
German Jewish art collector (1877-1946) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q125884667 |
Salomon Flavian |
art collector |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q126835436 |
Clémence Georgette Aaron |
French art collector, plundered by Nazis (b. 1867 |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q98887 |
Henri Hinrichsen |
German music publisher, died in Auschwitz in 1942 |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q112450 |
Curt Glaser |
German Jewish art historian and art collector persecuted by Nazis, refugee (1879-1943) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q324935 |
Ferenc Hatvany |
Hungarian painter and art collector (1881-1958) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1334632 |
Emil Herz |
German publisher (1877-1971) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1361426 |
Ludwig Katzenellenbogen |
Jewish industrialist, refugee, Holocaust victim, husband of Tilla Durieux (1877–1944) |
|
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19295051 |
Ludwig Kainer |
German draughtsperson and art collector (1885-1967) |
WikidataQuery to see what was owned by these individuals
https://w.wiki/CUi7
https://w.wiki/CUqd
https://w.wiki/CUqf
with image of painting https://w.wiki/CUqq
https://w.wiki/CVCX
https://w.wiki/CVFT
with images of paintings https://w.wiki/CVJw
https://w.wiki/CVM5
LostArtQids https://w.wiki/CVfd
LostArtQids with objects owned https://w.wiki/CVfg
Question: How many of the artworks searched for by
Q126835436,Q94292296,Q124216935,Q125884667,Q97133770,Q112450,Q324935,Q55842863,Q1334632,Q98887,Q123758642,Q19295051,Q1361426,Q110491536,Q131534758,Q131424365,Q104532626,Q22670686,Q131534959,Q94867126,Q125811605,Q125811605,Q20191393,Q1913457,Q1635718,Q94788180,Q108549525,Q126092724,Q100323618,Q2037856,Q2546745
Are represented in Wikidata?
Task: Compare Lostart listings to Wikidata listings
